Title: Identify cybersecurity vulnerabilities and threats in animal production systems.
Course: Cybersecurity in Food and Agriculture > Section: Exploring Cybersecurity Vulnerabilities in AFNR

Identification should include the risk of

- data theft
- data manipulation in genetically engineered organisms (GEO)
- data manipulation regarding valuable animals and their breeding/health records
- ransomware
- phishing
- supply–chain disruptions
- confidential information theft.

Teacher Resource:

JBS's cybersecurity was unusually poor prior to 2021 ransomware attack, internal homeland security records show, June 2021

Process/Skill Questions:

- What is a GEO?
- What is an example of a genetically modified organism (GMO)?
- What security measures do chemical manufacturers typically have in place?
- What are the cybersecurity risks in relation to animals?
- Why is it so important to safeguard the genetic data of modified animals?
- Where would an attacker look for vulnerabilities to access/manipulate GMO data?
- What are “hacktivists,” and why are farms their targets?
- How can data regarding animal vaccinations, breeding, or ownership be manipulated?